Aluminum Alloys Comparison
This document provides a comprehensive comparison of various aluminum alloys commonly used in casting processes, including sand casting, high-pressure die casting (HPDC), low-pressure die casting (LPDC), and gravity die casting (GDC). The alloys are matched with their respective international standards (ISO, UNS, ASTM, ANSI, JIS, EN, BS, DIN) and their casting processes. Each alloy’s composition, applications, and properties are detailed to guide professionals in choosing the right alloy for specific industrial uses, ranging from automotive to aerospace.
| ISO Standard | GB Standard | UNS | ASTM | ANSI | JIS Standard | EN Standard | BS Standard | Casting Process |
| AlSi7Mg | ZL101 | A03560 | 356 | AC4C | ENAC-42100 | LM25 | G-AlSi7Mg | Sand Casting |
| AlSi7Mg0.3 | ZL101A | A13560 | 356 | AC4CH | ENAC-42100 | — | G-AlSi7Mg | Sand Casting |
| AlSi12(a) | ZL102 | — | — | AC3A | ENAC-44200 | LM6 | G-AlSi12 | Sand Casting |
| AlSi12(Fe) | YL102 | A14130 | A413 | ADC2 | ENAC-44300 | LM20 | — | HPDC |
| AlSi10Mg | ZL104 | A03600 | — | AC4A | ENAC-43400 | LM9 | G-AlSi10Mg | Sand Casting |
| AlSi10Mg(Fe) | YL104 | A13600 | A360 | ADC3 | ENAC-43000 | — | — | HPDC |
| AlSi5Cu1Mg | ZL105 | A03550 | 355 | AC4D | ENAC-45300 | LM16 | G-AlSi5(Cu) | Sand Casting |
| AlSi5Cu1Mg | ZL105A | A33550 | C355.0 | — | ENAC-45300 | — | — | Sand Casting |
| AlSi5Cu3 | ZL106 | A03280 | 328 | — | ENAC-45400 | LM27 | — | Sand Casting |
| AlSi6Cu4 | ZL107 | A03190 | 319 | AC2B | ENAC-45000 | LM21 | G-AlSi6Cu4 | Sand Casting |
| AlSi12(Cu) | ZL108 | — | — | AD12 | — | LM2 | — | Sand Casting |
| AlSi12Cu1(Fe) | YL108 | — | — | — | — | LM2 | — | HPDC |
| — | ZL109 | A03360 | 336.0/339.0 | AC8A | ENAC-48000 | LM13 | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL110 | — | — | — | — | LM12 | G-AlSi(Cu) | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL111 | A03280/A03540 | 328.0/354.0 | — | ENAC-46400 | — | G-AlSi8Cu3 | Sand Casting |
| AlSi8Cu3 | YL112 | A03800 | 380 | AC4B/ADC10 | ENAC-46200 | — | — | HPDC |
| — | YL113 | — | — | ADC12 | ENAC-46100 | — | — | HPDC |
| AlSiMg0.6 | ZL114A | A13570 | A357.0 | — | ENAC-42200 | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | YL117 | A23900 | B390.0 | AC9B/ADC14 | — | LM30 | — | HPDC |
| — | ZL201 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL201A | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL202 | — | — | LM12 | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| AlCu4Ti | ZL203 | ZL203 | 295 | — | ENAC-21100 | — | G-AlCu4Ti | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL204A | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL205A | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL206 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL208 | — | — | RR350 | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | ZL209 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| — | — | A02010 | 201 | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting |
| AlCu4MgTi | — | A02060 | 206 | AC1B | ENAC-21000 | — | G-AlCu4TiMg | Sand Casting |
Low Pressure Die Casting
| ISO Standard | GB Standard | UNS | ASTM | ANSI | JIS Standard | EN Standard | DIN Standard | Casting Process | Alloy Standard |
| AlSi9Cu3 | ZL107 | A03290 | 340 | — | ENAC-46000 | LM23 | G-AlSi9Cu3 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi12Cu1 | ZL108 | A03300 | 350 | — | ENAC-46500 | LM31 | G-AlSi12Cu1 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi7Mg0.5 | ZL105A | A03580 | 355 | AC4C | ENAC-42000 | LM17 | G-AlSi7Mg0.5 | LPDC | Silicon-magnesium alloy |
| AlSi10Mg | ZL104 | A03600 | — | AC4A | ENAC-43400 | LM9 | G-AlSi10Mg | LPDC | Silicon-magnesium alloy |
| AlSi9Cu4 | ZL110 | A03350 | 355 | — | ENAC-47500 | LM32 | G-AlSi9Cu4 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi5Cu3 | ZL106 | A03280 | 328 | — | ENAC |
Comparison Table: Aluminium 6001 to 6061 Alloys
| Property / Alloy | 6001 | 6005 | 6005A | 6060 | 6061 | 6063 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Major Alloying Elements | Mg, Si | Mg, Si | Mg, Si | Mg, Si | Mg, Si | Mg, Si |
| Temper Available | T5, T6 | T5, T6 | T1, T5, T6 | T4, T5, T6 | T4, T6 | T4, T5, T6 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPa) | ~250–280 | ~260–310 | ~270–320 | ~150–200 | ~290–350 | ~190–240 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | ~190–230 | ~230–280 | ~250–280 | ~100–160 | ~240–310 | ~140–180 |
| Elongation (%) | ~10–15 | ~8–12 | ~8–12 | ~12–20 | ~10–17 | ~10–18 |
| Hardness (Brinell) | ~75 | ~85 | ~90 | ~60 | ~95 | ~70 |
| Weldability | Good | Good | Good | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good | Good | Good | Very Good | Very Good | Very Good |
| Machinability | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Good | Good |
| Formability | Moderate | Fair | Fair | Excellent | Good | Excellent |
| Common Applications | Structural parts, profiles | Ladders, furniture, structural | Transport, rail, structural | Architecture, trim, furniture | Aerospace, automotive, marine | Window frames, piping, décor |
Notes:
- 6001 is less common and generally comparable to 6005 in performance.
- 6005A is a slightly stronger version of 6005 with tighter chemical composition control.
- 6060 is softer and better for decorative or architectural profiles.
- 6061 is the most versatile and widely used, offering a balance of strength, corrosion resistance, and machinability.
- 6063 has better surface finish and is preferred in architectural applications.
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